The present investigated that the antidiabetic potential and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Pedalium murex leaves were assessed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Results revealed that, diabetic rats showed increase in blood glucose and decrease in plasma insulin (p<0.01) levels after 48 hrs of alloxan administration. The oral administration of ethanol extract at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg of body weight, for 30 days exhibited a significant reduction in the blood glucose level compared to the standard drug-treated rats and diabetic control. The level of serum triglycerides, phospholipids and total cholesterol were significantly increased in diabetic rats. The concentration of urine, glucose, glycosylated Haemoglobin was significantly increased, whereas haemoglobin, total protein, albumin and liver glycogen were significantly decreased in diabetic animals. Administration of Pedalium murex leaf extract decreased the diabetic complication. The marker enzymes of liver toxicity such as serum alanine transaminase (ALT), serum aspartate transaminase (AST), serum acid phosphatase (ACP) and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were elevated significantly in diabetic control. The liver glycogen levels also increased significantly in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Catalase and vitamin C levels were increased Pedalium murex fed rats. Phytotherapy with the Pedalium murex ethanol extract showed significant restoration in enzymatic and non enzymatic activities in diabetic animals. The phyto-treatment showed more efficient antihyperglycemic effect than the standard drug glibenclamide.
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